The numbers, limitations, and practical insights from new studies.
A large-scale meta-analysis of 233,455 participants confirms that apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is a superior predictor of cardiovascular events compared to LDL-C, particularly in patients with metabolic discordance.
The seminal DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) trial demonstrated that a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy reduces blood pressure as effectively as single-drug therapy, independent of sodium restriction or weight loss.
The DiRECT trial demonstrated that intensive weight management through calorie restriction can achieve remission of type 2 diabetes in nearly half of participants, challenging the conventional view of diabetes as a progressive, irreversible condition.
The revolutionary **Horvath epigenetic clock** uses DNA methylation patterns to measure biological age, predicting mortality and age-related diseases more accurately than chronological age. Recent validation studies confirm its utility as a biomarker of aging and intervention target.
The FIT-HIP trial demonstrated that 6 months of progressive aerobic exercise increases hippocampal volume by 2%, effectively reversing age-related loss by 1-2 years. Memory function improved significantly, with greater effects in APOE ε4 carriers.
A comprehensive meta-analysis of 100+ studies demonstrates that regular physical activity after cancer diagnosis is associated with **25-40% reduced cancer-specific mortality** across multiple cancer types, with benefits observed even when exercise begins after diagnosis.
This landmark study demonstrated that specific fermented fibers selectively increase mucin-degrading *Akkermansia muciniphila*, improving gut barrier function and metabolic markers—paving the way for precision microbiome interventions.
This foundational study revealed that **>90% of the body's serotonin is produced in the gut** by enterochromaffin cells, not the brain. Gut microbiota directly regulate serotonin production through specific metabolites, fundamentally changing our understanding of mood regulation.
This foundational review and meta-analysis explains how intermittent fasting triggers the metabolic switch from glucose to ketone metabolism, activating cellular stress resistance pathways and enhancing metabolic health.
A bioRxiv study reveals how ketogenic diet alters gut microbial metabolites, influencing systemic inflammation and immune response.
The most comprehensive analysis to date examining lifestyle factors and cancer risk reveals that approximately **30-40% of cancers are preventable** through diet, physical activity, and weight management. Alcohol consumption alone accounts for 4-6% of all cancers globally.
This large Mendelian randomization study of 500,000+ individuals provides definitive evidence that elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a causal, independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, unaffected by lifestyle factors.
This landmark RCT demonstrated that a Mediterranean diet rich in extra-virgin olive oil significantly reduces liver fat content and improves metabolic parameters in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
The American Heart Association's comprehensive review confirms that omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) significantly reduce systemic inflammatory markers including [hs-CRP](/knowledge-base/lab-tests/hs-crp), TNF-α, and IL-6, with dose-dependent effects and greatest benefits in inflammatory conditions.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs demonstrates that probiotic supplementation (psychobiotics) produces clinically significant reductions in depressive symptoms, with effect sizes comparable to standard antidepressants in mild-moderate depression.
Groundbreaking research demonstrates that the senolytic combination of **dasatinib plus quercetin (D+Q)** selectively eliminates senescent cells, extending healthspan and lifespan in animal models while showing promising results in early human trials for age-related conditions.
A comprehensive meta-analysis of 25 randomized controlled trials involving 11,321 participants provides the strongest evidence yet that vitamin D supplementation safely reduces the risk of acute respiratory infections, with protective effects strongest in those with baseline deficiency.
