Liver FunctionUpdated 2025-12-24Medically Reviewed
Total Bilirubin
Everything you need to know about Total Bilirubin levels, including what normal ranges look like and what abnormal results might indicate.
Standard Reference Range
Unit: mg/dLMale Reference Range
0.3–1.2 mg/dL
Female Reference Range
0.3–1.2 mg/dL
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Reference ranges may vary slightly between laboratories. Always consult your doctor for interpretation.
What is Total Bilirubin?
Total Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. It consists of direct (conjugated) and indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin.
Key Takeaway
Elevated bilirubin causes jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes). The pattern helps diagnose the cause.
Why is this test performed?
Bilirubin testing helps:
- Diagnose jaundice
- Evaluate liver function
- Detect hemolytic anemia
- Monitor newborn jaundice
- Assess bile duct obstruction
Interpreting Your Results
High Levels (Hyperbilirubinemia)
Indirect Bilirubin Elevated:
- Hemolytic anemia (red blood cell destruction)
- Gilbert's syndrome (benign genetic condition)
- Ineffective blood cell production
Direct Bilirubin Elevated:
- Bile duct obstruction (gallstones, cancer)
- Hepatitis
- Cirrhosis
- Primary biliary cirrhosis
- Medications
Both Elevated:
- Severe liver disease
- Sepsis
- Advanced cirrhosis
Clinical Significance
- 1.2-3 mg/dL: Mild elevation, may not be visible
- 3-5 mg/dL: Jaundice becomes noticeable
- ＞5 mg/dL: Obvious jaundice
Related Tests
- Direct Bilirubin: Helps determine cause
- ALT/AST: Assess liver damage
- ALP/GGT: Evaluate bile duct function
- CBC: Check for hemolysis
Decode your Total Bilirubin Results
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