LiverUpdated 2025-12-24Medically Reviewed
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
Everything you need to know about Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) levels, including what normal ranges look like and what abnormal results might indicate.
Standard Reference Range
Unit: U/LMale Reference Range
<60 (optimal <20) U/L
Female Reference Range
<45 (optimal <20) U/L
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Reference ranges may vary slightly between laboratories. Always consult your doctor for interpretation.
What is GGT?
GGT is a liver enzyme that also reflects oxidative stress and alcohol/medication effects. Lower values generally indicate better metabolic and liver health.
Optimal matters
Many labs flag ＜60 as normal, but cardiometabolic risk is lower when GGT stays under ~20 U/L.
Why measure it?
- Screen for fatty liver or alcohol/medication impact
- Track oxidative stress alongside lipids and inflammation markers
- Contextualize unexplained HDL or triglyceride changes
Interpreting results
- Mildly high with ALT/AST normal: consider alcohol, meds (e.g., anticonvulsants), NAFLD risk
- High with elevated triglycerides/low HDL: likely insulin resistance/visceral adiposity
- Rising trend: repeat after reducing alcohol/acetaminophen and improving diet/sleep
What to do
- Cut alcohol, avoid unnecessary hepatotoxic meds, manage weight and insulin resistance
- Increase activity and prioritize whole foods; add sleep regularity
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