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Health Information Guide

Hives (Urticaria)

Also known as: UrticariaWeltsWhealsNettle Rash

Hives are itchy, raised red patches on the skin that appear suddenly and can disappear within hours. They're usually an allergic reaction but can have other causes.

Affects
20% experience hives at some point
Source: AAA
Medically reviewed by healthcare professionals
Last updated: January 2025

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for informational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for medical concerns. In case of emergency, call 911 or your local emergency services immediately.

What It Feels Like

Hives appear as: • Red, itchy welts on skin • Raised, swollen patches • Can burn or sting • Variable sizes from small to large • Can appear anywhere on body

Types & Categories

Acute Hives

Last less than 6 weeks, often allergic.

Chronic Hives

Last more than 6 weeks, cause often unknown.

Physical Urticaria

Triggered by heat, cold, pressure, or sunlight.

Angioedema

Swelling deeper in skin, often around eyes and lips.

Common Causes

Allergic Reaction

Food, medication, or environmental allergens.

moderate

Viral Infection

Cold, flu, or other viruses.

mild

Stress

Can trigger or worsen hives.

mild

Temperature Changes

Heat, cold, or water exposure.

mild

Autoimmune

Immune system attacking skin.

moderate

Risk Factors

Allergies
Previous hives
Family history of hives
Stress
Autoimmune conditions

Warning Signs & Emergency Symptoms

Warning Signs

  • ⚠️Hives with difficulty breathing
  • ⚠️Swelling of face, lips, or tongue
  • ⚠️Dizziness or fainting
  • ⚠️Hives covering most of body

🚨 Call 911 For:

  • !Difficulty breathing or swallowing
  • !Swelling of throat or tongue
  • !Wheezing
  • !Loss of consciousness
  • !Anaphylaxis

Immediate Actions While Waiting for Help

1Take antihistamine
2Avoid scratching
3Cool compress for relief
4Seek emergency care if breathing affected

Self-Care & Home Management

Take OTC antihistamines
Apply cool compresses
Wear loose clothing
Avoid known triggers
Take cool showers

How Doctors Diagnose This Symptom

1Physical examination
2Allergy testing
3Blood tests
4Skin biopsy
5Challenge tests

Treatment Options

💊Antihistamines
💊Corticosteroids
💊Epinephrine for severe reactions
💊Avoiding triggers
💊Immunosuppressants for chronic cases

When to See a Doctor

  • Hives lasting more than a few days
  • Recurring hives
  • Hives with angioedema
  • Severe symptoms
  • Unknown trigger

Prevention & Lifestyle Changes

Prevention Tips

  • Avoid known allergens
  • Keep a symptom diary
  • Manage stress
  • Avoid extreme temperatures
  • Be cautious with new foods/medications

Lifestyle Changes

  • Identify and avoid triggers
  • Stress management
  • Wear loose clothing
  • Temperature control
  • Dietary modifications

Related Medical Conditions

Related Symptoms

Frequently Asked Questions

What triggers hives?

Common triggers include foods (nuts, shellfish, eggs), medications (antibiotics, NSAIDs), insect stings, latex, pollen, animal dander, physical factors (heat, cold, pressure), stress, and infections.

When are hives an emergency?

Seek immediate emergency care if hives are accompanied by difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, wheezing, dizziness, fainting, or if you have a known severe allergy.

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Trust & Medical Review

This content is medically reviewed for accuracy and reliability

Medically Reviewed

This content has been reviewed by medical professionals to ensure it meets the latest medical standards and clinical practice guidelines.

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Expert Team

Our content is created by a team of licensed physicians, nurses, and medical writers to ensure accuracy, clarity, and practical utility.

Evidence-Based

All health information is based on peer-reviewed research, clinical guidelines, and recommendations from authoritative health organizations like CDC, WHO, and Mayo Clinic.

Regularly Updated

January 2025

We regularly review and update our content to reflect the latest medical research and clinical practices.

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References & Sources

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  • Mayo Clinic
  • World Health Organization (WHO)

The information provided on this website is for general informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for medical concerns. In case of emergency, call emergency services immediately.

Medical Review Team

Dr. Michael Rodriguez, MD

Internal Medicine Physician

Internal Medicine

Mayo Clinic
MDBoard Certified in Internal Medicine

Dr. Rodriguez is a board-certified internist with expertise in primary care and preventive medicine.

Last Reviewed: January 2025
Content follows AHA/ACC Clinical Guidelines

Remember: In case of a medical emergency, call 911 immediately.

This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice.