子宫输卵管造影
使用造影剂对子宫和输卵管进行专门的透视X线检查，评估不孕症和输卵管通畅性。
~25-150 chest X-rays
什么是 Hysterosalpingography？
子宫输卵管造影（HSG）是一种专门的X线检查，使用透视和造影剂显示子宫和输卵管内部。主要用于评估女性不孕或反复流产患者的输卵管通畅性和子宫腔异常。
工作原理： 在HSG期间，将窥器放入阴道，将导管通过宫颈插入子宫。然后通过导管注入造影剂，透视（实时X线）捕获图像显示造影剂填充子宫和输卵管。造影剂溢出到盆腔表示输卵管通畅。
Hysterosalpingography 的常见用途
输卵管通畅性评估
Determine if fallopian tubes are open (patent) or blocked (occluded). Identify location and extent of tubal obstruction. Assess for proximal, mid-segment, or distal tubal blockage. Guide decisions regarding tubal surgery vs IVF.
宫腔评估
Detect uterine abnormalities that may affect fertility or cause pregnancy loss. Identify uterine malformations (septate, bicornuate, unicornuate uterus), uterine polyps, submucosal fibroids, intrauterine adhesions (Asherman's syndrome), and uterine synechiae.
输卵管再通评估
Evaluate success of tubal surgery or tubal recanalization procedures. Confirm patency after intervention. Guide decisions regarding further treatment.
Essure避孕装置确认
Confirm proper placement and effectiveness of Essure permanent birth control devices. Verify device position and bilateral tubal occlusion. Note - Essure discontinued in 2018 but still in some patients.
盆腔粘连评估
Detect peritubal adhesions that may cause infertility. Identify loculated spillage, fimbrial agglutination, or constrained dye distribution suggesting adhesions.
优势
- ✓相对快速的检查（15-30分钟）
- ✓提供实时可视化
- ✓检查期间可治疗某些近端输卵管阻塞
- ✓门诊检查，无需住院
- ✓比腹腔镜或宫腔镜费用低
- ✓可同时评估宫腔和输卵管
- ✓诊断性且可能具有治疗性
局限性
- ⚠辐射暴露（低剂量）
- ⚠检查期间不适/疼痛
- ⚠感染风险
- ⚠无法显示卵巢或腹膜表面
- ⚠可能引起血管迷走神经反应
- ⚠评估子宫肌层有限
- ⚠可能对比剂过敏（罕见）
- ⚠可能出现假阳性和假阴性结果
- ⚠不评估卵巢储备
- ⚠可能遗漏细微子宫异常
检查准备清单
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⚖️Hysterosalpingography vs Ultrasound 对比
| 比较项目 | Hysterosalpingography | Ultrasound |
|---|---|---|
| 速度 | Moderate | Moderate |
| 辐射 | Yes | Yes |
| 软组织细节 | Limited | Limited |
| 费用 | High | Low |
相关影像方式
Pelvic ultrasound evaluates ovaries and uterus. MRI provides detailed uterine anatomy without radiation. Laparoscopy directly visualizes tubes and pelvis. Hysteroscopy evaluates uterine cavity directly. Saline infusion sonohysterography (SIS) is a radiation-free alternative for cavity evaluation.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound uses sound waves to create real-time images. Commonly used for pregnancy monitoring and examining organs like the heart, liver, and kidneys.
MRI
MRI uses powerful magnets and radio waves to produce detailed images of organs and soft tissues. Excellent for brain, spine, and joint imaging.
浏览 Hysterosalpingography 术语
探索 Hysterosalpingography 报告中的常见术语，每个术语都包含详细解释、临床意义和相关化验，帮助你读懂影像结果。 化验项目.
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医学参考资料
本页面内容参考以下权威医学机构的资料：
- 1.Hysterosalpingography: ACOG Practice Bulletin— American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists查看
- 2.
- 3.