Small Bowel Obstruction
Understanding Small Bowel Obstruction found on Abdomen Computed Tomography imaging. Learn what this finding means and what steps to take next.
Radiographic Appearance
Computed Tomography FindingDilated proximal small bowel loops with a transition point to collapsed distal bowel; possible closed-loop configuration.
Clinical Significance
Can progress to ischemia or perforation; needs rapid surgical or conservative management.
What is Small Bowel Obstruction?
Blockage of intestinal flow, most commonly from adhesions, hernia, or tumor. CT defines level, cause, and ischemia signs.
Imaging Appearance
- Dilated loops ＞2.5–3 cm, air-fluid levels
- Transition point with decompressed distal bowel
- Bowel wall thickening, mesenteric swirl, reduced enhancement suggest ischemia
Clinical Significance
- Strangulation risk increases morbidity
- Guides decision between nonoperative decompression vs surgery
Symptoms
- Cramping abdominal pain, vomiting, distension, obstipation
Diagnosis
- CT abdomen/pelvis with contrast
- Labs: electrolytes for losses from vomiting; monitor potassium and chloride
Treatment
- NPO, NG tube decompression, IV fluids/electrolytes
- Surgery for closed-loop, strangulation, or failed conservative care
Prognosis
- Good if treated early; ischemia worsens outcomes
What Should You Do?
- Seek urgent surgical evaluation.
- Avoid food/drink until cleared.
- Report worsening pain, fever, or no flatus.
Medical Disclaimer: Educational only; follow surgical team guidance.
Correlate with Lab Results
Doctors often check these blood tests when Small Bowel Obstruction is found on imaging:
Related Imaging Terms
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